The evaporative cooling system consisted of the following devices. Principles and application of evaporative cooling systems for fruits and vegetables preservation j. Sampling began at the time the hvac system was turned on. Hvac system for this type of plant is the easiest to design due to the simplicity of the. This course covers 18 sections of comprehensive information on evaporative cooling towers and provides important aspects of cooling tower types, sizing, selection and performance issues. Cooling tower evaporative cooling system measurement and. In evaporative cooling systems an air stream with high humidity ratio is released in the ambient without any treatment. Microbial rrna sequencing analysis of evaporative cooler indoor. The equipment operates on the principle of evaporative cooling and increasing the relative hu midity rh in the preservation chamber. The systems design was based upon the humidifying capacity of an ultrasonic humidifier supplied by a quebec company, plastique frapa inc. Some are portable and others must be fixed somewhere to the wall. Evaporative cooling differs from typical air conditioning systems, which use vaporcompression or absorption refrigeration cycles. A new approach to analysis and optimization of evaporative. Nsw health nsw guidelines for legionella control in cooling water systems.
This paper shows that by incorporating evaporative cooling in window air conditioner, the thermodynamic properties of the new system are improved and the power consumption decreases by about 16% and the coefficient of performance increases by about 55%. Portable units are typically designed for cooling a single room, although largecapacity portable units are available. E odoc adepartment of agricultural and bioresources engineering, university of nigeria, nsukka bdepartment of nursing science, university of maiduguri, borno state, nigeria. Design and operating characteristics of evaporative cooling systems s. The concept and implementation of free cooling dates back millennia, with porous clay vessels full of water placed in rooms, or egyptians and persians using windcatchers, passing the air through subterranean water stores and back into buildings. Several active or passive evaporative cooling systems have been developed, using wind tower 16, intermittent evaporative roof cooling 17e19, automatic windtracking evaporative cooling 20 and twostage indirectdirect evaporative cooling 21,22. Direct air evaporative cooling for buildings and areas that do not have a central air conditioning system, direct air evaporative cooling can be a very economical and achievable way to reduce the temperature. Evaporative cooling is the natural way of cooling, similar to a breeze flowing across a lake. Pdf evaluation of evaporative cooling systems in industrial. The effectiveness of an ieac section alone will range from 60% to 78% depending on.
Provide air filters for air inlets for rotarytype evaporator coolers. Celdekpad provides a model of a direct stage evaporative cooler, shown in the figure below, that consists of a rigid media evaporative pad, with water recirculated from a reservoir. In this paper an approach to recover water from such humid air is presented. Design, development and testing the performance of. Abstract evaporative cooling is an energy efficient and environmentally friendly air conditioning technology. Optimal subcooling in vapor compression systems via. Pdf a research work on the design, fabrication and evaluation of an active evaporative cooling system was carried out for an optimized. Todays evaporative cooling systems use up to 60% less electricity than comparably sized refrigerantbased ac systems. In this paper different cooling pads have been studied. It will consist of the component parts as listed in the following sections. A direct evaporative cooling system is the simplest and most popular evaporative cooling system available.
It is at this point that evaporative cooling is brought in. Direct evaporative cooling systems is a technology which involves adiabatic humidification and cooling of air with supplementary heat exchange facilities to lower final air temperature and try to reduce relative humidity. Four timely benefits of indirectdirect evaporative cooling. Course contents evaporative coolers, often called swamp coolers, are cooling systems that use only water and a blower to circulate air. Development of liquid cooling for pcs component analysis for factory sealed systems jonas d.
Kishore department of chemical engineering, indian institute of technology, new delhi, india tata energy research institute, new delhi, india received 28 june 1986 evaporative cooling systems are commonly used in countries where the climate is hot and dry. Principles and application of evaporative cooling systems for. Evaporative cooling design guidelines manual iii evaporative cooling design guidelines manual for new mexico schools and commercial buildings principal investigator. Used in conjunction with coolair fans, a temperature reduction of 1025. This is often called the depression of wet bulb below dry bulb. Choosing an evaporative cooling system offers a substantial energy cost savings. Climates with such large depressions favor evaporative cooling techniques, as shown in figure 1. Three different types of evaporative cooling pads were used, namely. Central cooling systems use a network of ducts to supply air throughout the house. Design guide for heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems. Direct and indirect evaporative cooling strategies. Evaporative cooling is a physical phenomenon in which evaporation of a liquid, typically into surrounding air, cools an object or a liquid in contact with it.
Pdec towers can be considered as a secondary cooling system that meets a. Dec direct evaporative cooler, direct evaporative cooling. The air temperature is lowered due to its contact with the water and has a relaxing, cooling effect on people. Performance analysis of a liquid desiccant evaporative. The most common type of air conditioner is the central cooling system. Pdf comparison of two kinds of indirect evaporative cooling.
An evaporative cooler also swamp cooler, swamp box, desert cooler and wet air cooler is a device that cools air through the evaporation of water. At the same time, contractors who offer such a system can have a business edge over competitors. Evaluation of evaporative cooling systems in industrial buildings article pdf available in international journal of heat and technology 333. Indirect evaporative cooling sensibly cools the air with use. The evaporative cooling module shall be selfcontained. Study, design and analysis of two stages evaporative cooling. They are available in portable, window, and wholehouse configurations. There are two basic types of evaporative air coolers eacs used to cool new mexico schools and commercial.
Such a method can help companies move towards being climate neutral. Performance analysis of a liquid desiccant evaporative cooling airconditioning system powered by solar energy f. There are several kinds of evaporative air coolers. Coolair evaporative cooling pad systems are used with outstanding success. Evaporative cooling design guidelines ced engineering. Projected benefits of new residential evaporative cooling systems. Multistaged indirect evaporative cooler evaluation gsa. Evaporative cooling occurs when air, that is not too humid, passes over a wet. Pdf design and optimization of an active evaporative cooling. A passive downdraft evaporative cooling pdec tower is a component that is designed. Therefore the microbiological quality of cooling water is \nessential for the safe operation of such plants.
The main water quality types of groundwater\, reservo ir\, and stream water are cacl\, cahco3\, and cacl\, respectively. Ventilation systems can provide comfort cooling for most of the year. Cooling tower systems include all components that provide comfort cooling by rejecting heat to the atmosphere through the evaporative process. This manual is intended to be used as a tool for the design of successful and efficient evaporative cooling systems and will allow engineers to specify and design evaporative cooling systems with confidence. Data centre cooling requirements data centre cooling systems represent a signifi cant portion of a facilitys capital expenditure and use a substantial amount of energy. Evaporative cooling is a method of converting hot air into a cool breeze using the process of evaporating water. Its material is chemically impregnated with special compounds to prevent rot and ensure a long service life. Evaporative cooling, effectiveness, performance, energy saving.
Duan, zhiyin 2011 investigation of a novel dew point. Leadership in energy and environmental design leed points can be achieved by using cooling options that. When large quantities of air are pulled through evaporative cooling pads that are saturated with water, a substantial cooling effect is realized due to the evaporation of that water. Thermocouple brown wire and sampling tube white pvc shield. Its another type of evaporative cooling, the system is based on very high pressure 70 bar water pump while normal water tap pressure is 3 bar max spraying water via very small orifice nozzles 0.
An evaporative cooler cools the air by means of the evaporation of water. In general, the most applications rely on the use of evaporative cooling tower systems, which include wet cooling towers, cooling ponds or spray ponds. Spray humidifiers deliver moisture to an atmosphere using either high pressure or compressed air to ensure evaporation. Indirect evaporative cooling can be used to lower both the dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures. A passive downdraft evaporative cooling pdec tower is a component that is. Furnish proof satisfactory to the owner or his representative, of having manufactured evaporative cooler systems for a period of. Multistage indirect evaporative cooler technology description.
Evaporative cooling design guidelines pdh courses online. This online engineering pdh course discusses some of the pertinent design issues and guidelines for evaporative cooling systems. An evaporative cooling system is an air conditioning system in which air is evaporated cooled just like how, the body perspires on a hot day and this moisture evaporates into the. Performance evaluation of three different types of local. Performance evaluation of alternative evaporative cooling media. Evaporative cooling are mainly of two types namely direct and indirect evaporative cooling systems as shown in fig. There are two essential requirements for evaporative cooling. Widell department of applied mechanics chalmers university of technology abstract in recent years, existing solutions for cooling personal computer cpus have been supplemented by a new product category, factory sealed water cooling. Dec 01, 2008 indirectdirect evaporative cooling is a method of cooling that can be not only more cost effective, but also more sustainable.
These are usually twopart systems with an outdoor unit that contains the compressor and condenser coils, and an indoor unit with evaporator coils. You can duplicate the principle behind direct evaporative cooling by wrapping a wet handkerchief around your neck on a hot day and standing in front of a fan. This section describes the evaporative coolers models for hvac in energyplus. Introduction the indirect evaporative cooling technology iec is a solution that can be used in the air handling units to reduce the energy consumption during the summer period, both in residential and commercial applications. Ashrae american society of heating, refrigerating, and airconditioning engineers publishes specifi c guidelines for temperature and humidity control within data centres. The evaporative cooler was tested and evaluated using tomato roma.
When warm, dry unsaturated air is pulled through a watersoaked pad, water is evaporated and is absorbed as water vapor into the air. Grou ndwater and seawater interaction has been evaluated for the identification of tidal effect by time series analysis\, hydrogeophysical method\, and 2. During prolonged periods of high temperatures they are unable to maintain internal temperatures below 25c. June 2015 might necessitate a different type of capital and incentive structure but will address some of the challenges. Pdf indirect evaporative cooling system to produce cold water and indirect evaporative cooling system to produce cooling air are compared in. It takes heat energy to change the water or any liquid from a liquid into a vapor. Southeast university, 2 sipailou road, nanjing 210096, china. Provide manual reset control for motors rated greater than 34 kw one hp. Analysis of evaporative cooling system and recovery of. A classification of evaporative cooling systems in building cooling structure, working principle and psychometric chart of a direct evaporative cooler 4 types of dec system pads 6. For the sake of this document, cooling tower systems include open recirculating circuit coolers, fluid coolers, and evaporative coolers, closed evaporative condensers. Evaporative cooler types evaporative coolers cool boss.
International journal of engineering research and general. Abstract the search for efficient and accessible cooling systems has increased worldwide. D energy evaluation of an evaporative cooling system using. For example, at 10 percent relative humidity and a dry bulb temperature of 90. Design and operating characteristics of evaporative cooling. A sampling of data taken between may 2012 and july 2012 revealed that the.